The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) presents both transformative opportunities and significant environmental challenges, particularly concerning energy consumption and carbon emissions. This policy brief proposes that the G20 play a leading role in managing the AI– energy nexus through a strategic twin transition agenda that aligns digital transformation with sustainability.

It recommends three targeted actions: (1) establish a G20 Task Force on AI–Energy Synergies to coordinate global policies, empower clean energy integration in AI development, and redefine AI success metrics to include sustainability and energy efficiency; (2) launch an AI–Energy Twin Transition Fund to support energy-efficient AI innovation and equitable green infrastructure; and (3) develop common global metrics for AI energy use and carbon emissions, modelled on the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures. By combining coordinated governance, targeted financing, and transparent reporting, this framework aims to support better coordination between AI growth and concerns over rising fossil fuel emissions – ensuring technological progress aligns with planetary boundaries.