Policy Brief

Reforming SDR Allocation Criteria to Enhance its Role in Global Crisis Response and Sustainable Development Financing

Emerging Markets and Developing Economies (EMDEs) face acute financing constraints due to elevated debt burdens amidst growing development and climate-related needs. The structural asymmetries of the international monetary system exacerbate these challenges, particularly through pro-cyclical capital flows toward EMDEs that lead them to accumulate reserves for precautionary purposes. Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) offer a concrete alternative to address these asymmetries and financing needs. However, its current design and allocation system pose challenges. In this policy brief, we focus on the ones related to SDR allocation criteria and propose some guidelines and concrete alternatives on how this could be reformed to harness the use of SDRs for crisis management and financing for development. The current allocation mechanism largely favours advanced economies – countries that neither need nor significantly use SDRs. Therefore, we propose a needs-based approach that incorporates metrics of financial and structural vulnerabilities. While acknowledging the political challenges of such reform, the brief outlines recommendations for designing a technically feasible and transparent allocation framework.

13 Nov 2025

Task Force

Keywords

development financinginternational monetary systemSpecial Drawing Rights (SDRs)

Author/s

Florencia Asef Horno
Consultant and Senior Researcher,
Suramericana Vision
(Argentina)
Maia Colodenco
Director of Global Initiatives,
Suramericana Vision
(Argentina)
Martín Guzmán
Professor,
School of International and Public Affairs Columbia University and President, Suramericana Vision
(Argentina)
Emiliano Libman
Researcher,
Fundar think tank
(Argentina)
Ximena Bénard-Tertrais
Research Consultant,
Columbia University Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD)
(United States of America)
Eleonora Cogo
Senior Associate International Finance,
ECCO think tank
(Italy)